To begin my response -- I am Not an Israelite -- I Am a Gentile. There Are Jewish people who have accepted Jesus Christ as their personal Savior just like I have.
The Church is made up of born-again believers all over the world. The Church - as a group of believers Will be raptured up and out of this world at some future time.
The Church is New Testament -- came to be upon the Resurrection of Jesus Christ. The coming of the Holy Spirit to indwell each believer.
I was just looking up Israel and the Church. There is Replacement theology // Separation Theology // Remnant Theology. I'm of the Separation group.
BTW -- I'm a very Bible person -
I was just looking up the Jeremiah and Hebrews passages. But there seems to be a bit of context missing. I'm thinking that the old Covenant of the Law was put in place to show 'us' that we could NOT keep / obey / the entire law 100 % of the time. If a person Could, that would mean that 'good works' could get a person into heaven. The law was given to us to show us that one final sacrifice was needed. The New Covenant of the cross was needed. Jesus Christ would be the Final Perfect Lamb of God who takes away the sins of the world.
If you're a Jewish person -- you Will see Scripture differently that I do.
The Most important aspect of God's Word is that He's provided a Savior The Savior for mankind because of our sinfulness. No matter Who we are. God has made Salvation available to All.
Thank you for your response!
You wrote: "To begin my response -- I am Not an Israelite -- I Am a Gentile."
My response: Paul says that Gentiles ARE the Israelites about whom Hosea prophesied (Rom.9:24-26).
Again Paul says that believing Gentiles are NOT excluded from Israel (Eph.2:12).
So, according to Paul, you (as a believing Gentile) are included as a fellow ISRAELITE.
You wrote: "The Church is New Testament -- came to be upon the Resurrection of Jesus Christ."
My response: The Church (Gr. "ἐκκλησία") refers to ISRAEL dozens of times in the LXX.
Again, Stephen uses CHURCH ( Gr. "ἐκκλησία") to refer to ISRAEL (Ac. 7:38).
Again, Jesus refers to the church PRIOR to "the resurrection" (Mt. 16:18;18:17).
CONCLUSION: CHURCH refers to ISRAEL. CHURCH was not invented "upon the Resurrection of Jesus Christ".
You wrote: " I'm thinking that the old Covenant of the Law was put in place to show 'us' that we could NOT keep / obey / the entire law 100 % of the time. "
My response: Yes, we have all sinned. But we should STILL keep God's commands (1Cor.7:19;1Jn.5:3) which, of course, are contained in the written Torah of Moses (1Ki.2:3).
You wrote: "The New Covenant of the cross was needed. Jesus Christ would be the Final Perfect Lamb of God who takes away the sins of the world."
My response: Very true! And the SAME TORAH ("תּוֹרָה", Jer. 31:33) passes directly into the New Covenant.
That's why we should STILL obey the Torah (Heb. 8;10;10:16).
That's why Paul STILL applies Dt.30:14 to you in Rom.10:8.
Indeed, faithful Torah-obedience IS the word of faith which Paul preached (Dt.30:14 cited in Rom.10:8).
Of course we don't obey Torah to be saved.
Rather, we obey Torah to be great in the forthcoming kingdom, just as Jesus encouraged (Mt.5:19).
We obey Torah as an expression of our love (Mt.22:37;Dt.6) for Him (1Jn.5:3;Dt.6:25).
We obey Torah because He told us to obey Torah (Mt:23-2,3,23).
We obey Torah because Jesus sends forth Torah-teachers to represent His Torah ministry (Mt.23:34).
We obey Torah because Jesus warns even religious people about the terrible consequences of Torah-disobedience (Mt.7:21-23), or even worse (Mt.13:41-42).
We obey Torah because we LIVE by Torah (Mt.4:4 citing Dt.8:3, referring to Torah).
Anyway, just wanted to place this perspective before you...
blessings....