INDIVIDUALS VS THE MAJORITY

[JLG]

Ruth 3:6

So she went down
וַתֵּ֖רֶד (wat·tê·reḏ)
Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person feminine singular
Strong's 3381: To come or go down, descend

to the threshing floor
הַגֹּ֑רֶן (hag·gō·ren)
Article | Noun - feminine singular
Strong's 1637: A threshing-floor, open area

and did
וַתַּ֕עַשׂ (wat·ta·‘aś)
Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person feminine singular
Strong's 6213: To do, make

everything
כְּכֹ֥ל (kə·ḵōl)
Preposition-k | Noun - masculine singular
Strong's 3605: The whole, all, any, every

her mother-in-law
חֲמוֹתָֽהּ׃ (ḥă·mō·w·ṯāh)
Noun - feminine singular construct | third person feminine singular
Strong's 2545: Husband's mother

had instructed her.
צִוַּ֖תָּה (ṣiw·wat·tāh)
Verb - Piel - Perfect - third person feminine singular | third person feminine singular
Strong's 6680: To lay charge (upon), give charge (to), command, order

- Then Ruth does everything according to what Naomi told her!

 

[JLG]

Ruth 3:7

After Boaz
בֹּ֤עַז (bō·‘az)
Noun - proper - masculine singular
Strong's 1162: Boaz -- 'quickness', an ancestor of David, also a pillar before the temple

had finished eating
וַיֹּ֨אכַל (way·yō·ḵal)
Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular
Strong's 398: To eat

and drinking
וַיֵּשְׁתְּ֙ (way·yê·šət)
Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular
Strong's 8354: To imbibe

and was in good spirits,
וַיִּיטַ֣ב (way·yî·ṭaḇ)
Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular
Strong's 3190: To be good, well, glad, or pleasing

he went
וַיָּבֹ֕א (way·yā·ḇō)
Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular
Strong's 935: To come in, come, go in, go

to lie down
לִשְׁכַּ֖ב (liš·kaḇ)
Preposition-l | Verb - Qal - Infinitive construct
Strong's 7901: To lie down

at the end
בִּקְצֵ֣ה (biq·ṣêh)
Preposition-b | Noun - masculine singular construct
Strong's 7097: End, extremity

of the heap of grain.
הָעֲרֵמָ֑ה (hā·‘ă·rê·māh)
Article | Noun - feminine plural
Strong's 6194: A heap, a sheaf

Then [Ruth] went in secretly,
וַתָּבֹ֣א (wat·tā·ḇō)
Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person feminine singular
Strong's 935: To come in, come, go in, go

uncovered
וַתְּגַ֥ל (wat·tə·ḡal)
Conjunctive waw | Verb - Piel - Consecutive imperfect - third person feminine singular
Strong's 1540: To denude, to exile, to reveal

his feet,
מַרְגְּלֹתָ֖יו (mar·gə·lō·ṯāw)
Noun - feminine plural construct | third person masculine singular
Strong's 4772: A footpiece, at the foot, the foot

and lay down.
וַתִּשְׁכָּֽב׃ (wat·tiš·kāḇ)
Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person feminine singular
Strong's 7901: To lie down

• Everything occurs as Naomi told her!

 

[JLG]

Ruth 3:8

At midnight,
בַּחֲצִ֣י (ba·ḥă·ṣî)
Preposition-b, Article | Noun - masculine singular construct
Strong's 2677: The half, middle

Boaz
הָאִ֖ישׁ (hā·’îš)
Article | Noun - masculine singular
Strong's 376: A man as an individual, a male person

was startled,
וַיֶּחֱרַ֥ד (way·ye·ḥĕ·raḏ)
Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular
Strong's 2729: To shudder with terror, to fear, to hasten

turned over,
וַיִּלָּפֵ֑ת (way·yil·lā·p̄êṯ)
Conjunctive waw | Verb - Nifal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular
Strong's 3943: To twist, turn, grasp with a twisting motion

and there
וְהִנֵּ֣ה (wə·hin·nêh)
Conjunctive waw | Interjection
Strong's 2009: Lo! behold!

lying
שֹׁכֶ֖בֶת (šō·ḵe·ḇeṯ)
Verb - Qal - Participle - feminine singular
Strong's 7901: To lie down

at his feet
מַרְגְּלֹתָֽיו׃ (mar·gə·lō·ṯāw)
Noun - feminine plural construct | third person masculine singular
Strong's 4772: A footpiece, at the foot, the foot

was a woman!
אִשָּׁ֔ה (’iš·šāh)
Noun - feminine singular
Strong's 802: Woman, wife, female


- When Boaz wakes up, he sees a woman lying at his feet!

 

[JLG]

Ruth 3:9

“Who
מִי־ (mî-)
Interrogative
Strong's 4310: Who?, whoever, in oblique construction with prefix, suffix

are you?”
אָ֑תּ‪‬ (’āt)
Pronoun - second person feminine singular
Strong's 859: Thou and thee, ye and you

he asked.
וַיֹּ֖אמֶר (way·yō·mer)
Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular
Strong's 559: To utter, say

“I [am]
אָנֹכִי֙ (’ā·nō·ḵî)
Pronoun - first person common singular
Strong's 595: I

your servant
אֲמָתֶ֔ךָ (’ă·mā·ṯe·ḵā)
Noun - feminine singular construct | second person masculine singular
Strong's 519: A maidservant, female slave

Ruth,”
ר֣וּת (rūṯ)
Noun - proper - feminine singular
Strong's 7327: Ruth -- 'friendship', a Moabite ancestress of David

she replied.
וַתֹּ֗אמֶר (wat·tō·mer)
Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person feminine singular
Strong's 559: To utter, say

“Spread
וּפָרַשְׂתָּ֤ (ū·p̄ā·raś·tā)
Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Conjunctive perfect - second person masculine singular
Strong's 6566: To break apart, disperse

the corner of your garment
כְנָפֶ֙ךָ֙ (ḵə·nā·p̄e·ḵā)
Noun - feminine singular construct | second person masculine singular
Strong's 3671: An edge, extremity, a wing, a flap, a quarter, a pinnacle

over
עַל־ (‘al-)
Preposition
Strong's 5921: Above, over, upon, against

me,
אֲמָ֣תְךָ֔ (’ă·mā·ṯə·ḵā)
Noun - feminine singular construct | second person masculine singular
Strong's 519: A maidservant, female slave

for
כִּ֥י (kî)
Conjunction
Strong's 3588: A relative conjunction

you
אָֽתָּה׃ (’āt·tāh)
Pronoun - second person masculine singular
Strong's 859: Thou and thee, ye and you

are a kinsman-redeemer.”
גֹאֵ֖ל (ḡō·’êl)
Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine singular
Strong's 1350: To redeem, act as kinsman

- Boaz asks her who she is!
- She answers that she is his servant Ruth!
- He tells her to spread the corner of her garment over him!
- The reason: she is a kinsman-redeemer!

• What is a kinsman-redeemer:

Male relative who, according to various laws found in the Pentateuch, had the privilege or responsibility to act for a relative who was in trouble, danger, or need of vindication.

 

[JLG]

Ruth 3:10

Then [Boaz] said,
וַיֹּ֗אמֶר (way·yō·mer)
Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular
Strong's 559: To utter, say

“May the LORD
לַֽיהוָה֙ (Yah·weh)
Preposition-l | Noun - proper - masculine singular
Strong's 3069: YHWH

bless
בְּרוּכָ֨ה (bə·rū·ḵāh)
Verb - Qal - QalPassParticiple - feminine singular
Strong's 1288: To kneel, to bless God, man, to curse

you,
אַ֤תְּ (’at)
Pronoun - second person feminine singular
Strong's 859: Thou and thee, ye and you

my daughter.
בִּתִּ֔י (bit·tî)
Noun - feminine singular construct | first person common singular
Strong's 1323: A daughter

You have shown
הֵיטַ֛בְתְּ (hê·ṭaḇt)
Verb - Hifil - Perfect - second person feminine singular
Strong's 3190: To be good, well, glad, or pleasing

more kindness
חַסְדֵּ֥ךְ (ḥas·dêḵ)
Noun - masculine singular construct | second person feminine singular
Strong's 2617: Kindness, piety, reproof, beauty

now
הָאַחֲר֖וֹן (hā·’a·ḥă·rō·wn)
Article | Adjective - masculine singular
Strong's 314: Hinder, late, last, western

than
מִן־ (min-)
Preposition
Strong's 4480: A part of, from, out of

before,
הָרִאשׁ֑וֹן (hā·ri·šō·wn)
Article | Adjective - masculine singular
Strong's 7223: First, in place, time, rank

because you have not
לְבִלְתִּי־ (lə·ḇil·tî-)
Preposition-l
Strong's 1115: A failure of, not, except, without, unless, besides, because not, until

run
לֶ֗כֶת (le·ḵeṯ)
Verb - Qal - Infinitive construct
Strong's 1980: To go, come, walk

after
אַחֲרֵי֙ (’a·ḥă·rê)
Preposition
Strong's 310: The hind or following part

the younger men,
הַבַּ֣חוּרִ֔ים (hab·ba·ḥū·rîm)
Article | Noun - masculine plural
Strong's 970: Selected, a youth

whether
אִם־ (’im-)
Conjunction
Strong's 518: Lo!, whether?, if, although, Oh that!, when, not

rich
עָשִֽׁיר׃ (‘ā·šîr)
Adjective - masculine singular
Strong's 6223: Rich

or
וְאִם־ (wə·’im-)
Conjunctive waw | Conjunction
Strong's 518: Lo!, whether?, if, although, Oh that!, when, not

poor.
דַּ֖ל (dal)
Adjective - masculine singular construct
Strong's 1800: Dangling, weak, thin


- Boaz speaks about Ruth’s kindness!
- Because she didn’t go after younger men, rich or poor!

 

[JLG]

Ruth 3:11

And now
וְעַתָּ֗ה (wə·‘at·tāh)
Conjunctive waw | Adverb
Strong's 6258: At this time

do not
אַל־ (’al-)
Adverb
Strong's 408: Not

be afraid,
תִּ֣ירְאִ֔י (tî·rə·’î)
Verb - Qal - Imperfect - second person feminine singular
Strong's 3372: To fear, to revere, caus, to frighten

my daughter.
בִּתִּי֙ (bit·tî)
Noun - feminine singular construct | first person common singular
Strong's 1323: A daughter

I will do
אֶֽעֱשֶׂה־ (’e·‘ĕ·śeh-)
Verb - Qal - Imperfect - first person common singular
Strong's 6213: To do, make

for you
לָּ֑ךְ (lāḵ)
Preposition | second person feminine singular
Strong's Hebrew

whatever
כֹּ֥ל (kōl)
Noun - masculine singular
Strong's 3605: The whole, all, any, every

you request,
תֹּאמְרִ֖י (tō·mə·rî)
Verb - Qal - Imperfect - second person feminine singular
Strong's 559: To utter, say

since
כִּ֤י (kî)
Conjunction
Strong's 3588: A relative conjunction

all
כָּל־ (kāl-)
Noun - masculine singular construct
Strong's 3605: The whole, all, any, every

my fellow townspeople
עַמִּ֔י (‘am·mî)
Noun - masculine singular construct | first person common singular
Strong's 5971: A people, a tribe, troops, attendants, a flock

know
יוֹדֵ֙עַ֙ (yō·w·ḏê·a‘)
Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine singular
Strong's 3045: To know

that
כִּ֛י (kî)
Conjunction
Strong's 3588: A relative conjunction

you
אָֽתְּ׃ (’āt)
Pronoun - second person feminine singular
Strong's 859: Thou and thee, ye and you

are a woman
אֵ֥שֶׁת (’ê·šeṯ)
Noun - feminine singular construct
Strong's 802: Woman, wife, female

of noble character.
חַ֖יִל (ḥa·yil)
Noun - masculine singular
Strong's 2428: A force, an army, wealth, virtue, valor, strength

• Boaz wants to do to Ruth according to what she tells him because of her noble character!

 

[JLG]

Ruth 3:12

Yes,
כִּ֣י (kî)
Conjunction
Strong's 3588: A relative conjunction

it is true
אָמְנָ֔ם (’ā·mə·nām)
Conjunction
Strong's 551: Verily, truly

that
כִּ֥י (kî)
Conjunctive waw | Conjunction
Strong's 3588: A relative conjunction

I [am]
אָנֹ֑כִי (’ā·nō·ḵî)
Pronoun - first person common singular
Strong's 595: I

a kinsman-redeemer,
גֹאֵ֖ל (ḡō·’êl)
Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine singular
Strong's 1350: To redeem, act as kinsman

but
וְגַ֛ם (wə·ḡam)
Conjunctive waw | Conjunction
Strong's 1571: Assemblage, also, even, yea, though, both, and

there is
יֵ֥שׁ (yêš)
Adverb
Strong's 3426: Being, substance, existence, is

a redeemer
גֹּאֵ֖ל (gō·’êl)
Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine singular
Strong's 1350: To redeem, act as kinsman

nearer
קָר֥וֹב (qā·rō·wḇ)
Adjective - masculine singular
Strong's 7138: Near

than I.
מִמֶּֽנִּי׃ (mim·men·nî)
Preposition | first person common singular
Strong's 4480: A part of, from, out of

- Boaz tells her that there is another redeemer who is nearer than him!

 

[JLG]

Ruth 3:13

Stay here tonight,
לִ֣ינִי ׀ (lî·nî)
Verb - Qal - Imperative - feminine singular
Strong's 3885: To stop, to stay permanently, to be obstinate

and in the morning,
בַבֹּ֙קֶר֙ (ḇab·bō·qer)
Preposition-b, Article | Noun - masculine singular
Strong's 1242: Dawn, morning

if
אִם־ (’im-)
Conjunction
Strong's 518: Lo!, whether?, if, although, Oh that!, when, not

he wants to redeem you,
יִגְאָלֵ֥ךְ (yiḡ·’ā·lêḵ)
Verb - Qal - Imperfect - third person masculine singular | second person feminine singular
Strong's 1350: To redeem, act as kinsman

good.
טוֹב֙ (ṭō·wḇ)
Adjective - masculine singular
Strong's 2896: Pleasant, agreeable, good

Let him redeem you.
יִגְאָ֔ל (yiḡ·’āl)
Verb - Qal - Imperfect - third person masculine singular
Strong's 1350: To redeem, act as kinsman

But if
וְאִם־ (wə·’im-)
Conjunctive waw | Conjunction
Strong's 518: Lo!, whether?, if, although, Oh that!, when, not

he does not
לֹ֨א (lō)
Adverb - Negative particle
Strong's 3808: Not, no

want
יַחְפֹּ֧ץ (yaḥ·pōṣ)
Verb - Qal - Imperfect - third person masculine singular
Strong's 2654: To incline to, to bend, to be pleased with, desire

to redeem you,
לְגָֽאֳלֵ֛ךְ (lə·ḡā·’o·lêḵ)
Preposition-l | Verb - Qal - Infinitive construct | second person feminine singular
Strong's 1350: To redeem, act as kinsman

as surely as the LORD
יְהוָ֑ה (Yah·weh)
Noun - proper - masculine singular
Strong's 3068: LORD -- the proper name of the God of Israel

lives,
חַי־ (ḥay-)
Noun - masculine singular
Strong's 2416: Alive, raw, fresh, strong, life

I
אָנֹ֖כִי (’ā·nō·ḵî)
Pronoun - first person common singular
Strong's 595: I

will.
וּגְאַלְתִּ֥יךְ (ū·ḡə·’al·tîḵ)
Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Conjunctive perfect - first person common singular | second person feminine singular
Strong's 1350: To redeem, act as kinsman

Now lie here
שִׁכְבִ֖י (šiḵ·ḇî)
Verb - Qal - Imperative - feminine singular
Strong's 7901: To lie down

until
עַד־ (‘aḏ-)
Preposition
Strong's 5704: As far as, even to, up to, until, while

morning.”
הַבֹּֽקֶר׃ (hab·bō·qer)
Article | Noun - masculine singular
Strong's 1242: Dawn, morning

- Boaz tells her that if the other man who can redeem her doesn’t do it, then he will do it!

 

[JLG]

Ruth 3:14

So she lay down
וַתִּשְׁכַּ֤ב (wat·tiš·kaḇ)
Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person feminine singular
Strong's 7901: To lie down

at his feet
מַרְגְּלוֹתָיוֹ֙‪‬‪‬‪‬‪‬ (mar·gə·lō·w·ṯāw)
Noun - feminine plural construct | third person masculine singular
Strong's 4772: A footpiece, at the foot, the foot

until
עַד־ (‘aḏ-)
Preposition
Strong's 5704: As far as, even to, up to, until, while

morning,
הַבֹּ֔קֶר (hab·bō·qer)
Article | Noun - masculine singular
Strong's 1242: Dawn, morning

but she got up
וַתָּ֕קָם (wat·tā·qām)
Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person feminine singular
Strong's 6965: To arise, stand up, stand

before
בְּטֶ֛רֶם (bə·ṭe·rem)
Preposition-b | Adverb
Strong's 2958: Not yet

anyone
אִ֖ישׁ (’îš)
Noun - masculine singular
Strong's 376: A man as an individual, a male person

else
רֵעֵ֑הוּ (rê·‘ê·hū)
Noun - masculine singular construct | third person masculine singular
Strong's 7453: Friend, companion, fellow

could recognize her.
יַכִּ֥יר (yak·kîr)
Verb - Hifil - Imperfect - third person masculine singular
Strong's 5234: To regard, recognize

Then Boaz said,
וַיֹּ֙אמֶר֙ (way·yō·mer)
Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular
Strong's 559: To utter, say

“Do not
אַל־ (’al-)
Adverb
Strong's 408: Not

let it be known
יִוָּדַ֔ע (yiw·wā·ḏa‘)
Verb - Nifal - Imperfect - third person masculine singular
Strong's 3045: To know

that
כִּי־ (kî-)
Conjunction
Strong's 3588: A relative conjunction

a woman
הָאִשָּׁ֖ה (hā·’iš·šāh)
Article | Noun - feminine singular
Strong's 802: Woman, wife, female

came
בָ֥אָה (ḇā·’āh)
Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person feminine singular
Strong's 935: To come in, come, go in, go

to the threshing floor.”
הַגֹּֽרֶן׃ (hag·gō·ren)
Article | Noun - feminine singular
Strong's 1637: A threshing-floor, open area

• Boaz tells Ruth that nobody must know that she was with him the whole night!

 

[JLG]

Ruth 3:15

And he told her,
וַיֹּ֗אמֶר (way·yō·mer)
Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular
Strong's 559: To utter, say

“Bring
הָ֠בִי (hā·ḇî)
Verb - Qal - Imperative - feminine singular
Strong's 3051: To give, to put, imperatively, come

the shawl
הַמִּטְפַּ֧חַת (ham·miṭ·pa·ḥaṯ)
Article | Noun - feminine singular
Strong's 4304: A wide cloak

you are wearing
עָלַ֛יִךְ (‘ā·la·yiḵ)
Preposition | second person feminine singular
Strong's 5921: Above, over, upon, against

and hold it out.”
וְאֶֽחֳזִי־ (wə·’e·ḥo·zî-)
Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Imperative - feminine singular
Strong's 270: To grasp, take hold, take possession

When she [did so],
וַתֹּ֣אחֶז (wat·tō·ḥez)
Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person feminine singular
Strong's 270: To grasp, take hold, take possession

he shoveled
וַיָּ֤מָד (way·yā·māḏ)
Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular
Strong's 4058: To stretch, to measure, to be extended

six measures
שֵׁשׁ־ (šêš-)
Number - feminine singular construct
Strong's 8337: Six (a cardinal number)

of barley
שְׂעֹרִים֙ (śə·‘ō·rîm)
Noun - feminine plural
Strong's 8184: Barley

into her shawl.
עָלֶ֔יהָ (‘ā·le·hā)
Preposition | third person feminine singular
Strong's 5921: Above, over, upon, against

Then he went
וַיָּבֹ֖א (way·yā·ḇō)
Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular
Strong's 935: To come in, come, go in, go

into the city.
הָעִֽיר׃ (hā·‘îr)
Article | Noun - feminine singular
Strong's 5892: Excitement

• Boaz measures six measures of barley into Ruth’s shawl!
• Then he goes into the city!

 

[JLG]

Ruth 3:16

When Ruth returned
וַתָּבוֹא֙ (wat·tā·ḇō·w)
Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person feminine singular
Strong's 935: To come in, come, go in, go

to
אֶל־ (’el-)
Preposition
Strong's 413: Near, with, among, to

her mother-in-law,
חֲמוֹתָ֔הּ (ḥă·mō·w·ṯāh)
Noun - feminine singular construct | third person feminine singular
Strong's 2545: Husband's mother

Naomi asked her,
וַתֹּ֖אמֶר (wat·tō·mer)
Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person feminine singular
Strong's 559: To utter, say

“How did it go,
מִי־ (mî-)
Interrogative
Strong's 4310: Who?, whoever, in oblique construction with prefix, suffix

my daughter?”
בִּתִּ֑י (bit·tî)
Noun - feminine singular construct | first person common singular
Strong's 1323: A daughter

Then Ruth told
וַתַּ֨גֶּד־ (wat·tag·geḏ-)
Conjunctive waw | Verb - Hifil - Consecutive imperfect - third person feminine singular
Strong's 5046: To be conspicuous

her
לָ֔הּ (lāh)
Preposition | third person feminine singular
Strong's Hebrew

all
כָּל־ (kāl-)
Noun - masculine singular construct
Strong's 3605: The whole, all, any, every

that
אֲשֶׁ֥ר (’ă·šer)
Pronoun - relative
Strong's 834: Who, which, what, that, when, where, how, because, in order that

[Boaz]
הָאִֽישׁ׃ (hā·’îš)
Article | Noun - masculine singular
Strong's 376: A man as an individual, a male person

had done
עָֽשָׂה־ (‘ā·śāh-)
Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person masculine singular
Strong's 6213: To do, make

for her.
לָ֖הּ (lāh)
Preposition | third person feminine singular
Strong's Hebrew

- Ruth tells Ruth what Boaz has done for her!

 

[JLG]

Ruth 3:17

And she said,
וַתֹּ֕אמֶר (wat·tō·mer)
Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person feminine singular
Strong's 559: To utter, say

“He gave
נָ֣תַן (nā·ṯan)
Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person masculine singular
Strong's 5414: To give, put, set

me these
הָאֵ֖לֶּה (hā·’êl·leh)
Article | Pronoun - common plural
Strong's 428: These, those

six
שֵׁשׁ־ (šêš-)
Number - feminine singular construct
Strong's 8337: Six (a cardinal number)

measures of barley,
הַשְּׂעֹרִ֥ים (haś·śə·‘ō·rîm)
Article | Noun - feminine plural
Strong's 8184: Barley

for
כִּ֚י (kî)
Conjunction
Strong's 3588: A relative conjunction

he said,
אָמַ֣ר (’ā·mar)
Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person masculine singular
Strong's 559: To utter, say

‘Do not
אֶל־ (’el-)
Preposition
Strong's 408: Not

go back
תָּב֥וֹאִי (tā·ḇō·w·’î)
Pd | Verb - Qal - Imperfect - second person feminine singular
Strong's 935: To come in, come, go in, go

to
אֵלַ֔י (’ê·lay)
Preposition | third person feminine singular
Strong's 413: Near, with, among, to

your mother-in-law
חֲמוֹתֵֽךְ׃ (ḥă·mō·w·ṯêḵ)
Noun - feminine singular construct | second person feminine singular
Strong's 2545: Husband's mother

empty-handed.’”
רֵיקָ֖ם (rê·qām)
Adverb
Strong's 7387: Emptily, ineffectually, undeservedly


- Ruth goes back to Naomi and she tells her about the barley that Boaz gave her!

 

[JLG]

Ruth 3:18

“Wait,
שְׁבִ֣י (šə·ḇî)
Verb - Qal - Imperative - feminine singular
Strong's 3427: To sit down, to dwell, to remain, to settle, to marry

my daughter,”
בִתִּ֔י (ḇit·tî)
Noun - feminine singular construct | first person common singular
Strong's 1323: A daughter

said Naomi,
וַתֹּ֙אמֶר֙ (wat·tō·mer)
Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person feminine singular
Strong's 559: To utter, say

“until
עַ֚ד (‘aḏ)
Preposition
Strong's 5704: As far as, even to, up to, until, while

you find out
תֵּֽדְעִ֔ין (tê·ḏə·‘în)
Verb - Qal - Imperfect - second person feminine singular | Paragogic nun
Strong's 3045: To know

how
אֵ֖יךְ (’êḵ)
Interjection
Strong's 349: How?, how!, where

things
דָּבָ֑ר (dā·ḇār)
Noun - masculine singular
Strong's 1697: A word, a matter, thing, a cause

go,
יִפֹּ֣ל (yip·pōl)
Verb - Qal - Imperfect - third person masculine singular
Strong's 5307: To fall, lie

for
כִּ֣י (kî)
Conjunction
Strong's 3588: A relative conjunction

he
הָאִ֔ישׁ (hā·’îš)
Article | Noun - masculine singular
Strong's 376: A man as an individual, a male person

will not
לֹ֤א (lō)
Adverb - Negative particle
Strong's 3808: Not, no

rest
יִשְׁקֹט֙ (yiš·qōṭ)
Verb - Qal - Imperfect - third person masculine singular
Strong's 8252: To be quiet or undisturbed

unless
כִּֽי־ (kî-)
Conjunction
Strong's 3588: A relative conjunction

he has resolved
כִּלָּ֥ה (kil·lāh)
Verb - Piel - Perfect - third person masculine singular
Strong's 3615: To be complete, at an end, finished, accomplished, or spent

the matter
הַדָּבָ֖ר (had·dā·ḇār)
Article | Noun - masculine singular
Strong's 1697: A word, a matter, thing, a cause

today.”
הַיּֽוֹם׃ (hay·yō·wm)
Article | Noun - masculine singular
Strong's 3117: A day

• Naomi tells Ruth to wait for Boaz to solve the matter!

 

[JLG]

Ruth 4:1

Meanwhile Boaz
וּבֹ֨עַז (ū·ḇō·‘az)
Conjunctive waw | Noun - proper - masculine singular
Strong's 1162: Boaz -- 'quickness', an ancestor of David, also a pillar before the temple

went
עָלָ֣ה (‘ā·lāh)
Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person masculine singular
Strong's 5927: To ascend, in, actively

to the gate
הַשַּׁעַר֮ (haš·ša·‘ar)
Article | Noun - masculine singular
Strong's 8179: An opening, door, gate

and sat down
וַיֵּ֣שֶׁב (way·yê·šeḇ)
Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular
Strong's 3427: To sit down, to dwell, to remain, to settle, to marry

there.
שָׁם֒ (šām)
Adverb
Strong's 8033: There, then, thither

Soon
וְהִנֵּ֨ה (wə·hin·nêh)
Conjunctive waw | Interjection
Strong's 2009: Lo! behold!

the kinsman-redeemer
הַגֹּאֵ֤ל (hag·gō·’êl)
Article | Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine singular
Strong's 1350: To redeem, act as kinsman

of whom [he]
בֹּ֔עַז (bō·‘az)
Noun - proper - masculine singular
Strong's 1162: Boaz -- 'quickness', an ancestor of David, also a pillar before the temple

had spoken
דִּבֶּר־ (dib·ber-)
Verb - Piel - Perfect - third person masculine singular
Strong's 1696: To arrange, to speak, to subdue

came along,
עֹבֵר֙ (‘ō·ḇêr)
Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine singular
Strong's 5674: To pass over, through, or by, pass on

and Boaz said,
וַיֹּ֛אמֶר (way·yō·mer)
Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular
Strong's 559: To utter, say

“Come over
ס֥וּרָה (sū·rāh)
Verb - Qal - Imperative - masculine singular | third person feminine singular
Strong's 5493: To turn aside

here,
פֹּ֖ה (pōh)
Adverb
Strong's 6311: This place, here

my friend,
פְּלֹנִ֣י (pə·lō·nî)
Adjective - masculine singular construct
Strong's 6423: Such a, one, a specified peccrson

and sit down.”
שְׁבָה־ (šə·ḇāh-)
Verb - Qal - Imperative - masculine singular | third person feminine singular
Strong's 3427: To sit down, to dwell, to remain, to settle, to marry

So he went over
וַיָּ֖סַר (way·yā·sar)
Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular
Strong's 5493: To turn aside

and sat down.
וַיֵּשֵֽׁב׃ (way·yê·šêḇ)
Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular
Strong's 3427: To sit down, to dwell, to remain, to settle, to marry

- Boaz speaks with the redeemer!

 

[JLG]

Ruth 4:2

Then Boaz took
וַיִּקַּ֞ח (way·yiq·qaḥ)
Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular
Strong's 3947: To take

ten
עֲשָׂרָ֧ה (‘ă·śā·rāh)
Number - masculine singular
Strong's 6235: Ten

of the elders
מִזִּקְנֵ֥י (miz·ziq·nê)
Preposition-m | Adjective - masculine plural construct
Strong's 2205: Old

of the city
הָעִ֖יר (hā·‘îr)
Article | Noun - feminine singular
Strong's 5892: Excitement

and said,
וַיֹּ֣אמֶר (way·yō·mer)
Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular
Strong's 559: To utter, say

“Sit
שְׁבוּ־ (šə·ḇū-)
Verb - Qal - Imperative - masculine plural
Strong's 3427: To sit down, to dwell, to remain, to settle, to marry

here,”
פֹ֑ה (p̄ōh)
Adverb
Strong's 6311: This place, here

and they did so.
וַיֵּשֵֽׁבוּ׃ (way·yê·šê·ḇū)
Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine plural
Strong's 3427: To sit down, to dwell, to remain, to settle, to marry

• Boaz wants to make everything official!
• So he comes with ten elders of the city!

 

[JLG]

Ruth 4:3

And he said
וַיֹּ֙אמֶר֙ (way·yō·mer)
Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular
Strong's 559: To utter, say

to the kinsman-redeemer,
לַגֹּאֵ֔ל (lag·gō·’êl)
Preposition-l, Article | Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine singular
Strong's 1350: To redeem, act as kinsman

“Naomi,
נָעֳמִ֔י (nā·‘o·mî)
Noun - proper - feminine singular
Strong's 5281: Naomi -- mother-in-law of Ruth

who has returned
הַשָּׁ֖בָה (haš·šā·ḇāh)
Article | Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person feminine singular
Strong's 7725: To turn back, in, to retreat, again

from the land
הַשָּׂדֶ֔ה (haś·śā·ḏeh)
Article | Noun - masculine singular
Strong's 7704: Field, land

of Moab,
מוֹאָֽב׃ (mō·w·’āḇ)
Noun - proper - feminine singular
Strong's 4124: Moab -- a son of Lot,also his descendants and the territory where they settled

is selling
מָכְרָ֣ה (mā·ḵə·rāh)
Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person feminine singular
Strong's 4376: To sell

a piece
חֶלְקַת֙ (ḥel·qaṯ)
Noun - feminine singular construct
Strong's 2513: Smoothness, flattery, an allotment

of land
מִשְּׂדֵ֥ה (miś·śə·ḏêh)
Preposition-m | Noun - masculine singular construct
Strong's 7704: Field, land

that
אֲשֶׁ֥ר (’ă·šer)
Pronoun - relative
Strong's 834: Who, which, what, that, when, where, how, because, in order that

belonged to our brother
לְאָחִ֖ינוּ (lə·’ā·ḥî·nū)
Preposition-l | Noun - masculine singular construct | first person common plural
Strong's 251: A brother, )

Elimelech.
לֶאֱלִימֶ֑לֶךְ (le·’ĕ·lî·me·leḵ)
Preposition-l | Noun - proper - masculine singular
Strong's 458: Elimelech -- 'God is king', the husband of Naomi

- Boaz speaks about Naomi who is selling a piece of land which belongs to their brother Elimelech!

 

[JLG]

Ruth 4:4

I
וַאֲנִ֨י (wa·’ă·nî)
Conjunctive waw | Pronoun - first person common singular
Strong's 589: I

thought
אָמַ֜רְתִּי (’ā·mar·tî)
Verb - Qal - Perfect - first person common singular
Strong's 559: To utter, say

I should inform
אֶגְלֶ֧ה (’eḡ·leh)
Verb - Qal - Imperfect - first person common singular
Strong's 1540: To denude, to exile, to reveal

you
אָזְנְךָ֣ (’ā·zə·nə·ḵā)
Noun - feminine singular construct | second person masculine singular
Strong's 241: Broadness, the ear

that you may buy it back
קְ֠נֵה (qə·nêh)
Verb - Qal - Imperative - masculine singular
Strong's 7069: To erect, create, to procure, by purchase, to own

in the presence of
נֶ֥גֶד (ne·ḡeḏ)
Preposition
Strong's 5048: A front, part opposite, a counterpart, mate, over against, before

those seated here
הַֽיֹּשְׁבִים֮ (hay·yō·šə·ḇîm)
Article | Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine plural
Strong's 3427: To sit down, to dwell, to remain, to settle, to marry

and in the presence of
וְנֶ֣גֶד (wə·ne·ḡeḏ)
Conjunctive waw | Preposition
Strong's 5048: A front, part opposite, a counterpart, mate, over against, before

the elders
זִקְנֵ֣י (ziq·nê)
Adjective - masculine plural construct
Strong's 2205: Old

of my people.
עַמִּי֒ (‘am·mî)
Noun - masculine singular construct | first person common singular
Strong's 5971: A people, a tribe, troops, attendants, a flock

If
אִם־ (’im-)
Conjunction
Strong's 518: Lo!, whether?, if, although, Oh that!, when, not

you want to redeem it,
תִּגְאַל֙ (tiḡ·’al)
Verb - Qal - Imperfect - second person masculine singular
Strong's 1350: To redeem, act as kinsman

do so.
גְּאָ֔ל (gə·’āl)
Verb - Qal - Imperative - masculine singular
Strong's 1350: To redeem, act as kinsman

But if you
וְאִם־ (wə·’im-)
Conjunctive waw | Conjunction
Strong's 518: Lo!, whether?, if, although, Oh that!, when, not

will not
לֹ֨א (lō)
Adverb - Negative particle
Strong's 3808: Not, no

redeem [it],
יִגְאַ֜ל (yiḡ·’al)
Verb - Qal - Imperfect - third person masculine singular
Strong's 1350: To redeem, act as kinsman

tell
הַגִּ֣ידָה (hag·gî·ḏāh)
Verb - Hifil - Imperative - masculine singular | third person feminine singular
Strong's 5046: To be conspicuous

me
לִּ֗י (lî)
Preposition | first person common singular
Strong's Hebrew

so I may know,
וְאֵֽדְעָה֙ (wə·’ê·ḏə·‘āh)
Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Conjunctive imperfect Cohortative - first person common singular
Strong's 3045: To know

because
כִּ֣י (kî)
Conjunction
Strong's 3588: A relative conjunction

[there is] no one
אֵ֤ין (’ên)
Adverb
Strong's 369: A non-entity, a negative particle

but you
זוּלָֽתְךָ֙ (zū·lā·ṯə·ḵā)
Preposition | second person masculine singular
Strong's 2108: Scattering, removal, except

to redeem [it],
לִגְא֔וֹל (liḡ·’ō·wl)
Preposition-l | Verb - Qal - Infinitive construct
Strong's 1350: To redeem, act as kinsman

and I [am]
וְאָנֹכִ֖י (wə·’ā·nō·ḵî)
Conjunctive waw | Pronoun - first person common singular
Strong's 595: I

next after you.�
אַחֲרֶ֑יךָ (’a·ḥă·re·ḵā)
Preposition | second person masculine singular
Strong's 310: The hind or following part

�I
אָנֹכִ֥י (’ā·nō·ḵî)
Pronoun - first person common singular
Strong's 595: I

will redeem [it],�
אֶגְאָֽל׃ (’eḡ·’āl)
Verb - Qal - Imperfect - first person common singular
Strong's 1350: To redeem, act as kinsman

he replied.
לֵאמֹ֗ר (lê·mōr)
Preposition-l | Verb - Qal - Infinitive construct
Strong's 559: To utter, say

- In front of the elders, Boaz asks the redeemer if he wants to buy the land sold by Naomi!

- And the man agrees to buy it!

 

[JLG]

Ruth 4:5

Then Boaz
בֹּ֔עַז (bō·‘az)
Noun - proper - masculine singular
Strong's 1162: Boaz -- 'quickness', an ancestor of David, also a pillar before the temple

said,
וַיֹּ֣אמֶר (way·yō·mer)
Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular
Strong's 559: To utter, say

“On the day
בְּיוֹם־ (bə·yō·wm-)
Preposition-b | Noun - masculine singular construct
Strong's 3117: A day

you buy
קְנוֹתְךָ֥ (qə·nō·wṯ·ḵā)
Verb - Qal - Infinitive construct | second person masculine singular
Strong's 7069: To erect, create, to procure, by purchase, to own

the land
הַשָּׂדֶ֖ה (haś·śā·ḏeh)
Article | Noun - masculine singular
Strong's 7704: Field, land

from
מִיַּ֣ד (mî·yaḏ)
Preposition-m | Noun - feminine singular construct
Strong's 3027: A hand

Naomi
נָעֳמִ֑י (nā·‘o·mî)
Noun - proper - feminine singular
Strong's 5281: Naomi -- mother-in-law of Ruth

and also from
וּ֠מֵאֵת (ū·mê·’êṯ)
Conjunctive waw, Preposition-m
Strong's 854: Nearness, near, with, by, at, among

Ruth
ר֣וּת (rūṯ)
Noun - proper - feminine singular
Strong's 7327: Ruth -- 'friendship', a Moabite ancestress of David

the Moabitess,
הַמּוֹאֲבִיָּ֤ה (ham·mō·w·’ă·ḇî·yāh)
Article | Noun - proper - feminine singular
Strong's 4125: Moabite -- descendant of Moab

you must also acquire
קָנִ֔יתָה (qā·nî·ṯāh)
Verb - Qal - Perfect - second person masculine singular
Strong's 7069: To erect, create, to procure, by purchase, to own

the widow
אֵֽשֶׁת־ (’ê·šeṯ-)
Noun - feminine singular construct
Strong's 802: Woman, wife, female

of the deceased
הַמֵּת֙ (ham·mêṯ)
Article | Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine singular
Strong's 4191: To die, to kill

in order to raise
לְהָקִ֥ים (lə·hā·qîm)
Preposition-l | Verb - Hifil - Infinitive construct
Strong's 6965: To arise, stand up, stand

up the name
שֵׁם־ (šêm-)
Noun - masculine singular construct
Strong's 8034: A name

of the deceased
הַמֵּ֖ת (ham·mêṯ)
Article | Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine singular
Strong's 4191: To die, to kill

on
עַל־ (‘al-)
Preposition
Strong's 5921: Above, over, upon, against

his inheritance.”
נַחֲלָתֽוֹ׃ (na·ḥă·lā·ṯōw)
Noun - feminine singular construct | third person masculine singular
Strong's 5159: Something inherited, occupancy, an heirloom, an estate, patrimony, portion

• But Boaz tells him that if he buys the land, he must also acquire the widow of the deceased to raise up his name on his inheritance!

 

[JLG]

Ruth 4:6

The kinsman-redeemer
הַגֹּאֵ֗ל (hag·gō·’êl)
Article | Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine singular
Strong's 1350: To redeem, act as kinsman

replied,
וַיֹּ֣אמֶר (way·yō·mer)
Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular
Strong's 559: To utter, say

“I cannot
לֹ֤א (lō)
Adverb - Negative particle
Strong's 3808: Not, no

redeem it myself,
לִגְאָל־ (liḡ·’āl-)
Preposition-l | Verb - Qal - Infinitive construct
Strong's 1350: To redeem, act as kinsman

or
פֶּן־ (pen-)
Conjunction
Strong's 6435: Removal, lest

I would jeopardize
אַשְׁחִ֖ית (’aš·ḥîṯ)
Verb - Hifil - Imperfect - first person common singular
Strong's 7843: Perhaps to go to ruin

my own inheritance.
נַחֲלָתִ֑י (na·ḥă·lā·ṯî)
Noun - feminine singular construct | first person common singular
Strong's 5159: Something inherited, occupancy, an heirloom, an estate, patrimony, portion

Take my right of redemption,
גְּאֻלָּתִ֔י (gə·’ul·lā·ṯî)
Noun - feminine singular construct | first person common singular
Strong's 1353: Redemption, relationship

because
כִּ֥י (kî)
Conjunction
Strong's 3588: A relative conjunction

I cannot
לֹא־ (lō-)
Adverb - Negative particle
Strong's 3808: Not, no

redeem it.”
לִגְאֹֽל׃ (liḡ·’ōl)
Preposition-l | Verb - Qal - Infinitive construct
Strong's 1350: To redeem, act as kinsman

• Finally the redeemer doesn’t want to buy the land because he doesn’t want to jeopardize his own inheritance!
• So he gives his right of redemption to Boaz!

 

[JLG]

Ruth 4:7

(Now
וְזֹאת֩ (wə·zōṯ)
Conjunctive waw | Pronoun - feminine singular
Strong's 2063: Hereby in it, likewise, the one other, same, she, so much, such deed, that,

in former times
לְפָנִ֨ים (lə·p̄ā·nîm)
Preposition-l | Noun - masculine plural
Strong's 6440: The face

in Israel,
בְּיִשְׂרָאֵ֜ל (bə·yiś·rā·’êl)
Preposition-b | Noun - proper - masculine singular
Strong's 3478: Israel -- 'God strives', another name of Jacob and his desc

concerning
עַל־ (‘al-)
Preposition
Strong's 5921: Above, over, upon, against

the redemption
הַגְּאוּלָּ֤ה (hag·gə·’ūl·lāh)
Article | Noun - feminine singular
Strong's 1353: Redemption, relationship

or exchange of property,
הַתְּמוּרָה֙ (hat·tə·mū·rāh)
Article | Noun - feminine singular
Strong's 8545: Barter, compensation

to make any
כָּל־ (kāl-)
Noun - masculine singular construct
Strong's 3605: The whole, all, any, every

matter
דָּבָ֔ר (dā·ḇār)
Noun - masculine singular
Strong's 1697: A word, a matter, thing, a cause

legally binding
לְקַיֵּ֣ם (lə·qay·yêm)
Preposition-l | Verb - Piel - Infinitive construct
Strong's 6965: To arise, stand up, stand

a man
אִ֛ישׁ (’îš)
Noun - masculine singular
Strong's 376: A man as an individual, a male person

would remove
שָׁלַ֥ף (šā·lap̄)
Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person masculine singular
Strong's 8025: To pull out, up, off

his sandal
נַעֲל֖וֹ (na·‘ă·lōw)
Noun - feminine singular construct | third person masculine singular
Strong's 5275: A sandal tongue, a sandal, slipper

and give it
וְנָתַ֣ן (wə·nā·ṯan)
Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Conjunctive perfect - third person masculine singular
Strong's 5414: To give, put, set

to the other party,
לְרֵעֵ֑הוּ (lə·rê·‘ê·hū)
Preposition-l | Noun - masculine singular construct | third person masculine singular
Strong's 7453: Friend, companion, fellow

and this [was]
וְזֹ֥את (wə·zōṯ)
Conjunctive waw | Pronoun - feminine singular
Strong's 2063: Hereby in it, likewise, the one other, same, she, so much, such deed, that,

a confirmation
הַתְּעוּדָ֖ה (hat·tə·‘ū·ḏāh)
Article | Noun - feminine singular
Strong's 8584: Attestation, a precept, usage

in Israel.)
בְּיִשְׂרָאֵֽל׃ (bə·yiś·rā·’êl)
Preposition-b | Noun - proper - masculine singular
Strong's 3478: Israel -- 'God strives', another name of Jacob and his desc

• In case of redemption or exchange of property, the man must remove his sandal and give it to the other party!